Phonetic/spelling alphabets for various languages

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Newsgroups: sci.lang,rec.radio.amateur.misc Subject: Phonetic alphabets (Alpha Bravo Charlie Delta) (February 2007) Date: 18 Feb 2007 22:42:59 -0000 Summary: phonetic/spelling alphabets for various languages Keywords: phonetic alphabets Phonetic Alphabets (Alpha Bravo etc) February 2007 There is a widely known alphabet Alpha Bravo ... Yankee Zulu. Such alphabets, used for spelling things out over voice links, are variously known as phonetic/radio/spelling/ telephone alphabets, and the term analogy alphabet is also used. This collection currently includes alphabets for the following languages: English, French, German, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Romansh, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Czech, Slovak, Polish, Hungarian, Croatian, Serbo-Croat, Slovenian, Greek, Romanian, Turkish, Hebrew, Russian, Ukrainian, Swahili, Kwanyama, Ndonga, Afrikaans, Chinese and Esperanto. There is also some information about Morse code and phonetics for digits. This posting supersedes the one of 18 November 2002. New this time: another Hungarian alphabet, and Morse code mnemonics for Spanish and Czech. My thanks to the many contributors, not all of whom are acknowledged below. Particular thanks to Gwillim Law for numerous contributions and for looking after posting for a while. Please report any errors. I will be glad to receive new material; further references; anecdotes; whatever. A Web copy of this article, together with some further material, can be found at: <http://www.bckelk.uklinux.net/menu.html> There is also a copy of the article at: <http://www.w2aee.columbia.edu/phonetic.html> Editorial comments are in square brackets []. Brian Kelk 18 February 2007 ***** ENGLISH ***** The NATO phonetic alphabet: Alpha Bravo Charlie Delta Echo Foxtrot Golf Hotel India Juliet Kilo Lima Mike November Oscar Papa Quebec Romeo Sierra Tango Uniform Victor Whiskey Xray Yankee Zulu [This alphabet dates from about 1955 and is approved by the International Civil Aviation Organization, the FAA and the International Telecommunication Union; note that different bodies prefer different spellings, so one also sees: Alfa Juliett Juliette Oskar Viktor] [The alphabet above is from the Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. An alphabet with Alfa X-ray can be found in The U.S. Department of Defense Dictionary of Military Terms. Alfa Juliett X-ray, which is the ICAO version, appears in A Concise Dictionary Of Slang And Unconventional English and also two Langenscheidt dictionaries] [There is one report of UK police using Indigo instead of India. German army handbook 90/91: Alfa Foxtrott Juliett. Italian version: Alfa Charly FoxTrot Giuliet Romio Wiskey. An Indonesian phrase book: Beta Ultra Volvo Whisky X-ray. A precursor of the present alphabet (1952?) had: Alfa Coca Metro Nectar Siera Union Whisky Extra] Phonetics for digits (from an amateur radio FAQ): zero one two tree fower fife six seven eight niner From the Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language: zero wun too tree fower fife six seven ait niner Atlantic City ITU convention 1947: Nadazero NAH-DAH-ZAY-ROH Unaone OO-NAH-WUN Bissotwo BEES-SOH-TOO Terrathree TAY-RAH-TREE Kartefour KAR-TAY-FOWER Pantafive PAN-TAH-FIVE Soxisix SOK-SEE-SIX Setteseven SAY-TAY-SEVEN Oktoeight OK-TOH-AIT Novenine NO-VAY-NINER 'Telecom B': [Note similarity to Apples Butter Charlie] Alfred Benjamin Charles David Edward Frederick George Harry Isaac Jack King London Mary Nellie Oliver Peter Queen Robert Samuel Tommy Uncle Victor William Xray Yellow Zebra [Found also in Swedish, Dutch, Hungarian telephone directories. An 'analogy alphabet' in a Kenyan directory has Charlie and no Y. A Swiss directory: Andrew Charlie Lussy Queenie Sugar. French/German vocabulary books: Andrew Charlie Lucy Mike Nelly Sugar Xmas. English phrase books for Spanish/Italian speakers: Charlie. A 'British English' alphabet in a Langenscheidt dictionary: Andrew Charlie Lucy Queenie Sugar Xmas. Norwegian dictionary: Andrew Charlie Lucy Sugar Victory Xerxes. Collins Polish dictionary: Andrew Charlie Lucy Sugar Xmas] [Used as an English alphabet by telephone operators in Israel] 'British A': Amsterdam Baltimore Casablanca Denmark Edison Florida Gallipoli Havana Italia Jerusalem Kilogramme Liverpool Madagascar New_York Oslo Paris Quebec Roma Santiago Tripoli Uppsala Valencia Washington Xantippe Yokohama Zurich [An 'international' alphabet in a Dutch telephone directory has: Danemark. A 'French' alphabet in a Hungarian directory has: Cassablanka Danemark Que'bec Upsala Zu"rich. An 'international' alphabet in a business book for French has: Italy Kilogram Zu"rich; the corresponding book for German has: Italy Kilogram Xanthippe Zu"rich. An 'international' alphabet in a Langenscheidt dictionary: Danemark Madagaskar Que'bec Upsala Xanthippe Zu"rich. An 'international' alphabet in a Larousse business book: Danemark Je'rusalem Que'bec Xanthippe] [West Berlin telephone directory 1965: Danemark Je'rusalem Madagaskar Que'bec Upsala Xanthippe Zu"rich. Santa Fe (Argentina) 1955: Dinamarca Habana Jerusale'n Kilogramo Nueva_York N~andubay Upsala Wa'shington Xantipo Yokoama. Azores 1966: Danemark Ita'lia Jerusale'm New-York Que'bec Upsala Yokoham] [Used as a French alphabet by telephone operators in Israel] Bombay telephone directory 1962 (also a later source): Army Brother Cinema Doctor English Father Gold Hotel India Jam King Lady Mother Navy Orange Paper Queen Raja Sister Table Uncle Victory Water X-ray Yellow Zero Kenyan and Tanzanian telephone directories 1966: Africa Bombay Charlie Durban England Freddie George Harry India Japan Kenya London Mombasa Nairobi Orange Peter Queen Robert Sugar Tanga Uganda Victory William X-Ray Yellow Zanzibar Johannesburg telephone directory 1965: [Note similarity to Alfred Benjamin] Arthur Betty Charlie David Edward Frederick George Harry Isaac Jane Kate Lucy Mary Nellie Olive Peter Queen Robert Simon Thomas Union Violet William X-Ray York Zero Malayan telephone directory 1964: Australia Bombay China Denmark England Fiji Ghana Hongkong India Japan Kedah London Malacca Norway Osaka Penang Queensland Russia Singapore Turkey Uganda Victoria Wales X'Ray Yokohama Zanzibar Used by police in New York City: [Note similarity to ARRL and Western Union] Adam Boy Charlie David Edward Frank George Henry Ida John King Lincoln Mary Nora Ocean Peter Queen Robert Sam Tom Union Victor William X-ray Young Zebra [Variants: Eddie Larry Nancy Thomas Yankee Yellow] Used by police in Nassau County, Long Island, New York: Adam Boston Chicago Denver Edward Frank George Henry Ida John King Lincoln Mary Nancy Ocean Peter Queen Robert Sam Thomas Union Victor William X-ray Young Zebra Used by police in San Diego, California: Adam Boy Charles David Edward Frank George Henry Ida John King Lincoln Mary Nora Ocean Paul Queen Robert Sam Tom Unit Victor William Xray Yellow Zebra Used by police in Hutchinson, Kansas: Adam Boy Charles David Edward Frank George Henry Ida John King Lincoln Mary Nora Ocean Paul (Q) Robert Sam Tom Union Victor William X-ray Yankee Zebra Alternative phonetics sometimes used unofficially in amateur radio: America Boston Canada Denmark England France Germany Honolulu Japan Kilowatt London Mexico Norway Ontario/Ocean Pacific Radio Santiago/Spain Tokyo United Victoria Washington Yokohama Zanzibar [Also: Amsterdam, Baltimore, Brazil, Chile, Egypt, Finland, Geneva, Greece, Guatemala, Hawaii, Italy, Kentucky, King, Luxembourg, Montreal, Nicaragua, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Texas, Uruguay, Venezuela] The ARRL (American Radio Relay League) alphabet (1948): [Note similarity to Western Union and Able Baker] Adam Baker Charlie David Edward Frank George Henry Ida John king Lewis Mary Nancy Otto Peter queen Robert Susan Thomas union Victor William x-ray young zebra [Nowadays the ARRL endorses the NATO/ICAO/ITU alphabet] Pre-1954 U.S. Navy Radio Alphabet: (Communications Handbook, 1945) [Note similarity to Able Buy Cast] Able Baker Charlie Dog Easy Fox George How Item Jig King Love Mike Nan Oboe Peter Queen Roger Sugar Tare Uncle Victor William X-ray Yoke Zebra [formerly used by IBM engineers for hex digits and pin positions; still used at at least one site] Same alphabet: - British forces 1952 - "Used by Armed services of USA & GB" (ARRL Handbook, 1945) - "The Complete Morse Instructor..." (1944) 'Allied Services 1945': Edward Tape RAF 1943-56: Able-Afirm Item/Interrogatory Jig/Johnny Nab/Negat Peter/Prep U.S. Army/Navy 1941: Sail Used in Thailand: Billy Jack [In similar alphabets: affirm, cast, hypo, inter, negat, option, over, prep] RAF 1942-43: Apple Beer Charlie Dog Edward Freddy George Harry In Jug/Johnny King Love Mother Nuts Orange Peter Queen Roger/Robert Suga Tommy Uncle Vic William X-ray Yoke/Yorker Zebra [cf. aircraft in Dambusters raid: A-Apple B-Baker C-Charlie E-Easy F-Freddie G-George H-Harry J-Johnny K-King L-Leather (officially L-London) M-Mother N-Nuts O-Orange P-Popsie S-Sugar T-Tommy W-Willie Y-York Z-Zebra] U.S. Navy 1940: Affirmative Baker Cast Dog Easy Fox George Hypo Interrogatory Jig King Love Mike Negative Option Preparatory Queen Roger Sail Tare Unit Victor William Xray Yoke Zed Western Union: Adams Boston Chicago Denver Easy Frank George Henry Ida John King Lincoln Mary New_York Ocean Peter Queen Roger Sugar Thomas Union Victor William X-ray Young Zero British Army 1927: Ack Beer Charlie Don Edward Freddy George Harry Ink Johnnie King London Monkey Nuts Orange Pip Queen Robert Sugar Toc Uncle Vic William X-ray Yorker Zebra RAF 1924-42: Ac Beer Charlie Don Edward Freddie George Harry Ink Johnnie King London Monkey Nuts Orange Pip Queen Robert Sugar Toc Uncle Vic William X-ray Yorker Zebra Royal Navy 1917: Apples Butter Charlie Duff Edward Freddy George Harry Ink Johnnie King London Monkey Nuts Orange Pudding Queenie Robert Sugar Tommy Uncle Vinegar Willie Xerxes Yellow Zebra [Wrens at Bletchley Park: Apple James Kenneth(?) Oliver Peter Quagga Unicorn William Xray] U.S. Army 1916: Able Buy Cast Dock Easy Fox George Have Item Jig King Love Mike Nap Opal Pup Quack Rush Sail Tape Unit Vice Watch X-ray Yoke Zed British 1914, perhaps Post Office approved: Apple Brother Charlie Dover Eastern Father George Harry India Jack King London Mother November October Peter Queen Robert Sugar Thomas Uncle Victoria Wednesday Xmas Yellow Zebra British forces 1904: Ack Beer C D E F G H I J K L Emma N O Pip Q R Esses Toc U Vic W X Y Z [The OED has a reference for Beer and Emma dated 1891] ***** FRENCH ***** [style: A comme Anatole] Contributor: Erik Tjong Kim Sang <erikt@let.rug.nl> anatole bernard c'ecile denise 'emile fran5cois g'erard henri isidore jean kl'eber louis marcel nicole oscar pierre quital robert suzanne th'er`ese ursule victor wagon xavier yvonne zo'e Contributor: Rudolf Lais <chibm5hp@ibmmail.com> (Swiss telephone directory 1993) Anna Berthe Ce'cile Daniel Emile Franc,ois Gustave Henri Ida Jeanne Kilo Louise Marie Nicolas Olga Paul Quittance Robert Suzanne The're`se Ulysse Victor William Xavier Yvonne Zurich [also Geneva directory 1966] [Larousse business book: Anne E'mile] (OUP vocabulary book) Anatole Berthe Ce'sar De'sire' Euge`ne E'mile Franc,ois Gaston Henri Irma Joseph Kle'ber Louis Marcel Nicolas Oscar Pierre Que'bec Robert Suzanne The're`se Ursule Victor William Xavier Yvonne Zoe' (Langenscheidt phrase book) Anatole Berthe Ce'sar De'sire' Emile Franc,ois Gaston Henri Isidore Jean Kle'ber Louis Marie Nicolas Oscar Paul Que'bec Robert Suzanne The'odore Ursule Victor Wagon Xavier Yvonne Zoe' (Larousse business book) Arthur Bruxelles Caroline De'sire' E'mile Fre'de'ric Gustave Henri Isidore Joseph Kilogramme Le'opold Marie Napole'on Oscar Piano Quie'vrain Robert Suzanne Te'le'phone Ursule Victor Waterloo Xavier Yvonne Ze'ro [Belgian versions: Caesar Fre'de'rique kilogram Sophie Ce'sar Emile Simon Xanthippe] [Note: there are some parallel French/Dutch alphabets for use in Belgium] (Berlitz and AA phrase books; Larousse business book) Anatole Berthe Ce'lestin De'sire' Euge`ne Franc,ois Gaston Henri Irma Joseph Kle'ber Louis Marcel Nicolas Oscar Pierre Quintal Raoul Suzanne The're`se Ursule Victor William Xavier Yvonne Zoe' [with the addition of E'mile for e-acute this is the official Post Office alphabet] Similar alphabets: Collins vocabulary book and dictionary: Bertha business book: E'mile Cassel business book, Van Dale dictionary: Zoe" BBC business book: Emile (for e-acute) Nicholas telephone French book: Rene' Collins phrase books: Victor/Viktor Pitman business book: E'mile (for e-acute) (also Langenscheidt dictionary, Longman business book and Loire-Atlantique telephone directory 1966) ***** GERMAN ***** [style: A wie Anton] [some alphabets have phonetics for umlauts, ch, sch, ss] Contributor: Hermann Schumacher <hschu@ebs.e-technik.uni-ulm.de> (official alphabet for emergency services, from "KatS-Dv 810 - Sprechfunkdienst", 1977) Anton Berta C"asar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Samuel Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xanthippe Ypsilon Zacharias "Arger Charlotte "Okonom Schule "Ubermut [also Langenscheidt Standard German Dictionary 1993, AA phrase book and West Berlin telephone directory 1965] [Collins dictionary and grammar: similar but Bertha Peter/Paula] Contributor: mrosa@eso.org (Michael Rosa) Anton Berta Caesar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Karl Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xanthippe Ypsilon Zeppelin A"rger O"dipus U"bel More recent replacements: Konrad Zacharias Contributor: Erik Tjong Kim Sang <erikt@let.rug.nl> anton bertha c"asar dora emil friederich gustav heinrich ida julius kaufmann ludwig martha nordpol otto paula quelle richard samuel theodor ulrich viktor wilhelm xanthippe ypsilon zacharias "arger charlotte "okonom schule "ubermut Contributor: Rudolf Lais <chibm5hp@ibmmail.com> (Swiss telephone directory 1993) Anna Bertha Ca"sar Daniel Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Jakob Kaiser Leopold Marie Niklaus Otto Peter Quelle Rosa Sophie Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xaver Yverdon Zu"rich [also Geneva directory 1966] Contributor: Christof A Neumann <neumann@informatik.tu-muenchen.de> (issued by Deutsche Bundespost) Anton Bertha Caesar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Jakob Konrad Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xantippe Ypsilon Zeppelin Schule Contributor: Steve Dunham <dunham@gdl.msu.edu> Anton Berta Caesar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Johann Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula quer Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xaver Ypsilon Zeppelin Eszett (OUP vocabulary book) Anton Berta Ca"sar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Konrad Ludwig Martin Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xanten Ypsilon Zeppelin A"rger O"konom U"bel (Collins vocabulary book) Anton Berta Ca"sar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Jerusalem Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Samuel Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xanthippe Ypsilon Zacharias (Cassel business book) Anton Berta Caesar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xanthippe Ypsilon Zacharias A"rger O"konom Schule U"bel (BBC business book) "standard phone alphabet" Anton Berta Ca"sar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried/Samuel Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xanthippe Ypsilon Zeppelin/Zacharias A"rger Charlotte O"konom Schule U"bermut (BBC business book) Anton Berta Ca"sar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xanthippe Ypsilon Zeppelin A"rger O"konom scharfes_s Schule U"bermut (Berlitz phrase book) Anton Berta Caesar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Samuel Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xanthippe Ypsilon Zacharias A"rger Charlotte O"konom Schule U"bel (Austrian telephone directory) Anton Berta Ca"sar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Konrad Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xaver Ypsilon Zu"rich A"rger O"sterreich scharfes_S Schule U"bel (Collins phrase book) Anton Berta Caesar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Konrad Ludwig Martin Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Victor Wilhelm Xanten Zeppelin Eszett Contributor: Gwillim Law <gwil@mindspring.com> (Vienna telephone directory) Anton Berta Ca"sar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Konrad Ludwig Martha Norbert Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xaver Ypsilon Zacharias A"rger Christine O"sterreich U"bel (BBC language book) Anton Berta Ca"sar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Theodor Ulrich Victor Wilhelm Xanthippe Ypsilon Zeppelin (Hugo business book) Anton Berta Ca"sar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Julius Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paris Quelle Richard Samuel Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xantippe Ypsilon Zacharias A"rger Charlotte O"konom U"bermut (Langenscheidt phrase book) Anton Berta Ca"sar Dora Emil Friedrich Georg Heinrich Ida Johann Kaufmann Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Samuel Theodor Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xaver Ypsilon Zeppelin A"rger O"konom U"bermut Second World War alphabet (from a former Web page): Anton Berta Caesar Dora Emil Friedrich Gustav Heinrich Ida Josef Konrad/Kurfurst Ludwig Martha Nordpol Otto Paula Quelle Richard Siegfried Toni Ulrich Viktor Wilhelm Xantippe Ypern Zeppelin (B-Bruno and F-Fritz were used in aircraft designations.) Contributor: Anno Siegel <anno4000@w172zrz.zrz.TU-Berlin.DE> Morse code mnemonics (syllable with 'o' means dash) Arno Borvaselin Coburg-Gotha Doria Ernst Friedrichsroda Gomorrha Herrenzimmer Ida Jawohl_Odol Kolberg_Ost Leonidas Motor Nora Oekonom Per_Motorrad Quohnsdorf_bei_Forst Revolver Sabine Tod Uniform Verbrennungstod Weltnordpol Xolabaphon York_Yellowstone Zoroaster oe Oekonomie ue Ueberkonto ***** DUTCH ***** [style: A van Anna] Contributor: Erik Tjong Kim Sang <erikt@let.rug.nl> anna bernhard cornelis dirk eduard ferdinand gerard hendrik izaak jan karel lodewijk marie nico otto pieter quotient rudolf simon teunis utrecht victor willem xantippe ij: ijmuiden ypsilon zaandam [Berlitz phrase book: bernard quadraat] More recently: Anton Jacob Leopold (Lodewijk) Maria Theodoor IJsbrand (IJmuiden) (Collins phrase book) Amsterdam Bravo Charlie Dirk Edam Freddie goed help Isaac Jaap kilo lasso moeder Nico Otto paard Quaker Rudolf suiker tafel uur vogel wind xylofoon Yankee zout Contributor: Koen de Troij <kdt@stockholm.mail.telia.com> (Van Dale French-Dutch dictionary) Anna Bernhard Cornelis Dirk Eduard Ferdinand Gerard Hendrik Isaak Jan Karel Lodewijk Marie Nico Otto Pieter Quebec Richard Simon Theodoor Utrecht Victor Willem Xantippe Ysbrand Zeeland [Van Dale Dutch-Swedish dictionary: Anton Izaa"k ypsilon] [Dutch dictionary: Bernard Maria quotie"nt Rudolf Teunis IJmuiden ypsilon Zaandam] Belgian (Flemish) alphabets: [Note: there are some parallel French/Dutch alphabets for use in Belgium] Contributor: Erik Tjong Kim Sang <erikt@let.rug.nl> arthur brussel carolina desire emiel frederik gustaaf hendrik isidoor jozef kilogram leopold maria napoleon oscar piano qualite robert sofie telefoon ursula victor waterloo xavier yvonne zola [Dutch dictionary: De'sire' Quie'vrain Suzanna Xaverius zero] [Another source: Ce'sar De'sire' Quie'vrain Zero] Contributor: Koen de Troij <kdt@stockholm.mail.telia.com> (Van Dale French-Dutch dictionary) Anna Bernhard Cornelis Dirk Emil Frederik Gustaaf Hendrik Isidoor Josef kilogram Leopold Maria Napoleon Oscar piano Quie'vrain Robert Simon telefoon Ursula Victor Waterloo Xantippe Yvonne zero ***** SPANISH ***** [style: A de Antonio] [some alphabets have phonetics for ch, ll, n~, rr] (BBC business book, Collins and Berlitz phrase books) Antonio Barcelona Carmen Chocolate Dolores Enrique Francia Gerona Historia Ine's Jose' Kilo Lorenzo Llobregat Madrid Navarra N~on~o Oviedo Pari's Querido Ramo'n Sa'bado Tarragona Ulises Valencia Washington Xiquena Yegua Zaragoza [An AA phrase book has "i griega" for Y] [Collins dictionary and grammar: similar but Ine's/Israel Querido/Quebec Ulises/Uruguay] Contributor: Paul Driessen <pdr@intis.nl> (used in ministries in Madrid in the 1960s) Alicante Bilbao Ca'diz Dinamarca Espan~a Francia Girona Huelva Italia Jae'n Kilo Lugo LLamar Madrid Navarra Oviedo Portugal Queso Roma EreDoble Sevilla Toledo U'nico Valencia UveDoble equis Yugoslavia Zaragoza (business book) "The telephonist's alphabet" Antonio Barcelona Carmen Domingo Espan~a/Enrique Francia Gerona Historia Italia/i_latina Jose'/Jaen Kilo Le'rida Llave Madrid Navarra N~ando Oviedo Portugal/Pari's Queso Ramo'n/Roma Sevilla Tarragona/Toledo Ursula/Ubeda Valencia Washington Xilofo'n Yegua Zaragoza (Langenscheidt phrase book) Antonio Bogota' Carmen Chocolate Dora Enrique Francisco Gibraltar Historia Ine's Jose' Kilo Lorenzo Llobregat Me'xico Nicaragua N~on~o Oce'ano Paraguay Querido Ramo'n Sa'bado Toma's Ulises Venezuela Washington Xiquena Yegua Zaragoza (Berlitz phrase book) [Latin American] Amalia Beatriz Carmen Domingo Enrique Federico Guatemala Honduras Ida Jose' Kilo Lima Llave Me'xico Nicaragua N~on~o Olimpo Pablo Quito Rafael Santiago Teresa Uruguay Venezuela Washington Xilo'fono Yucata'n Zorro (AA phrase book) [Latin American] Ana bueno Carlos chocolate dedo Eduardo Francia gato historia Ine's Jose' Kilo Luis Llanes Madrid Norma n~on~o Omar Pedro querido Ramo'n sa'bado Teresa Ulises Victor Washington Xiquena i_griega Zaragoza Contributor: "Francisco Andragnes" <fa93@columbia.edu> (used in Argentina) Alicia Beatriz Carolina Dorotea Eva Federico Guillermina Hombre Ines Josefina Kilo Lola Doble_Lola Maria Natalia N~andu Ofelia Pandora Quintana Rosa Sara Teresa Ursula Veronica Washington Xilofon Yolanda Zapato Contributor: "Nathan Levy" <Nathan.Levy@satmex.com> Morse code mnemonics (syllable with 'o' means dash) (used by Scouts in Mexico) Asno Bobadilla Corazones Chocolongo Dozena El Fumarola Gorrones Himalaya Ibis Jabonoso Kopeco Limonada Moro Nogal Oporto Pelotones Qocolizo Revolver Sardina Tos Unico Ventilador Wagogo Xochimilco Yodicoso Zocoyula ***** PORTUGUESE ***** [style: A de/como Aviero] (Berlitz phrase book) Aveiro Braga Coimbra Dafundo E'vora Faro Guarda Horta Ita'lia Jose' Kodak Lisboa Maria Nazare' Ovar Porto Queluz Rossio Setu'bal Tavira Unidade Vidago Waldemar Xavier York Zulmira [Azores telephone directory 1966: Braganc,a Kilograma Wilson] (Collins phrase books) Alexandre Banana/Bastos Carlos Daniel Eduardo Franc,a Gabriel Holanda Ita'lia Jose' Lisboa Maria Nicolau O'scar Paris Quarto Ricardo Susana Teresa Ulisses Venezuela Xangai Zebra (AA phrase book) Ame'rica Bernardo Colo'nia Dinamarca Espanha Franc,a Gre'cia Holanda Irlanda Japa~o Kremlin Londres Madrid Na'poles Oslo Portugal Quilo Ru'ssia Sue'cia Turquia Uruguai Vito'ria Washington Xangai Zurique (Collins dictionary) Anto^nio Beatriz Carlos dado Eliane Francisco Gomes Henrique Irene Jose' Ka'tia Lu'cia Maria Nair Osvaldo Pedro Quintela/Quinteta Roberto Sandra Tereza U'rsula Vera William Xavier Yolanda Zebra ***** ITALIAN ***** [style: A come Ancona] [cappa properly refers to Latin K, kappa to Greek] Contributor: ebuie@sed.csc.com (Elizabeth Buie) ebuie@starlab.csc.com Ancona, Bologna, Como, Domodossola, Empoli, Firenze, Genova, Hacca, Imola, Jolly, Kappa, Livorno, Milano, Napoli, Otranto, Pisa/Palermo, Quartomiglio, Roma, Savona/Siena, Torino, Udine, Venezia, Wagner, Xilofono, York, Zara [Hacca should be Acca] Contributor: Rudolf Lais <chibm5hp@ibmmail.com> (Swiss telephone directory 1993) Anna Battista Carlo Davide Ernesto Federico Giovanni acca Isidoro i_lungo cappa Luigi Maria Nicola Olga Pietro Quintino Rodolfo Susanna Teresa Umberto Vittorio vu_doppia ics ipsilon Zurigo [also Geneva directory 1966] (Cassel language book) Ancona Bologna Cagliari Domodossola Empoli Firenze Genova Hotel Imola Jolly Kappa Londra Milano Napoli Otranto Palermo Quarto Roma Sondrio Torino Udine Vicenza Vdoppio X Yugoslavia Zagabria (Cassel business book, Collins dictionary) Ancona Bologna Como Domodossola Empoli Firenze Genova Hotel Imola I_lunga Kursaal Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Padova Quarto Roma Savona Torino Udine Venezia Washington Ics York/yacht Zara [AA phrase book: Jersey Xeres] [Collins dictionary: Jersey Taranto Xeres Yacht] [OUP dictionary: jolly Palermo Salerno/Sondrio xeres York] (BBC language book) Ancona Bologna Como Domodossola Empoli Firenze Genova Hotel Imola Jersey Kilo Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Palermo Quaderno Roma Savona Torino Udine Venezia Washington ics York Zurigo Contributor: Salvatore Innaimi <MC1612@mclink.it> Ancona Bari Como Domodossola Empoli Firenze Genova Acca Imola Jolly Cappa Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Palermo Quartomiglio Roma Siena Torino Udine Venezia Walter Ics York Zurigo (Berlitz phrase book) Ancona Bari Catania Domodossola Empoli Firenze Genova Hotel Imperia i_lunga kappa Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Palermo cu Roma Sassari Torino Udine Venezia v_doppia ix i_greca zeta (Collins phrase book) Ancona Bari Catania Domodossola Empoli Firenze Genova Hotel Imperia Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Palermo quarto Roma Savona Torino Udine Venezia (Collins phrase book) Ancona Bari Como Domodossola Empoli Firenze Genova Hotel Imola Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Palermo Quarto Roma Savona Torino Udine Venezia Zara (Pitman business book) Ancona Bologna Como Domodossola Empoli Firenze/Forli` Genova (acca) Imola (i_lunga) (cappa) Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Palermo (cu) Roma Savona Torino Udine Venezia Washington (ics) (ipsilon) Zara (Berlitz business book) Ancona Bari Catania Domodossola Empoli Firenze Genova Hotel Imola Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Palermo Quarto Roma Sassari Torino Udine Venezia (Langenscheidt phrase book) Ancona Bologna Como Domodossola Empoli Forli` Genova Hotel Imola Jolanda cappa Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Pisa Quattro Roma Salerno Torino Udine Venezia Washington ics ypsilon zeta (Routledge grammar book) Ancona Bologna Como Domodossola Empoli Firenze Genova hotel Imola i_lungo/Jolly cappa/Kennedy Livorno Milano Napoli Otranto Palermo cu/quaranta/Quarto Roma Salerno Torino Udine Venezia Washington ics ipsilon zeta/Zara ***** ROMANSH ***** [also spelt Rumansh] Contributor: Rudolf Lais <chibm5hp@ibmmail.com> (Swiss telephone directory) Anna Berta Carla Dora Emil Flurin Guido Hugo Ida Judit Kilo Luisa Maria Nesa Otto Paula Quirin Rita Silvia Toni Ursin Victor Willi Xaver Yvonne Zita ***** DANISH ***** (Berlitz phrase book) Anna Bernhard Cecilia David Erik Frederik Georg Hans Ida Johan Karen Ludvig Marie Nikolaj Odin Peter Quintus Rasmus Soeren Theodor Ulla Viggo William Xerxes Yrsa Zacharias ae: Aegir o-slash: Oeresund a-circle: Aase [Copenhagen telephone directory: Cecilie Nikolai] Contributor: "Per K. Nielsen" <pnielsen@image.dk> The Danish military use the following additions to the NATO alphabet: Aegir Oedis Aase but air traffic uses Oeresund. ***** NORWEGIAN ***** [style: A for Anna] Contributors: seem@oslonett.no (Terje Trane) Gwillim Law <gwil@mindspring.com> Jan Egil Kristiansen <janegil@landsbank.fo> (almost identical in telephone directories and Berlitz phrase book) Anna Bernhard Caesar David Edith Fredrik Gustav Harald Ivar Johan Karin Ludvig Martin Nils Olivia Petter Quintus Rikard Sigrid Teodor Ulrik enkelt-V dobbelt-V Xerxes Yngling Zakarias ae: Aerlig/Aerleg o-slash: Oern/Oesten a-circle: Aase [Dictionaries: similar but sometimes Sigurd] [Aerlig is Bokmaal, Aerleg is Nynorsk] ***** SWEDISH ***** Contributors: simon@tardell.se (Simon Tardell) Jonas Wallgren <jwc@ida.liu.se> m8509@sparc2.abc.se (Thomas Green) [also used officially in Finland] Adam, Bertil, Cesar, David, Erik, Filip, Gustav, Helge, Ivar, Johan, Kalle, Ludvig, Martin, Niklas, Olof, Petter, Quintus, Rudolf, Sigurd, Tore, Urban, Viktor, Wilhelm, Xerxes, Yngve, Za"ta, A~ke, A"rlig, O"sten where A~ is A with circle [above also in Routledge grammar book] [Berlitz phrase book: Qvintus] [telephone directory: Qvintus Willhelm] Sometimes used: Fredrik, Olle, Rikard Stockholm police use Kryss (meaning cross) for X. Digits: Nolla Ett Tva~a Trea Fyra Femma Sexa Sju A~tta Nia (early 20th century) Aron Bertil Cesar David Emanuel Frans Gustaf Harald Ivar Johan Kalle Lars Martin Niklas Olof Petter Qvintus Rudolf Sigurd Teodor Urban Viktor Wilhelm Xenofon Yngve Zakarias A~ke A"rlig O"rn Old phonetics for digits 1-9, 0: Anna Beda Cecilia Dora Ebba Fina Greta Hedda Ida Julia ***** FINNISH ***** Contributors: Jukka Rahkonen <jrahkone@viikki.helsinki.fi> Kaita Seikku <spk@proffa.cc.tut.fi> Aarne Bertta Celsius Daavid Eemeli Faarao Gideon Heikki Iivari Jussi Kalle Lauri Matti Niilo Otto Paavo Kuu Risto Sakari Tyyne Urho Vihtori Viski A"ksa" Yrjo" Tseta A~ke A"iti O"ljy where A~ is A with circle (Swedish) (Berlitz phrase book) Anna Bertta Cecilia Daavid Erkki Faarao Gabriel Heikki Iivari Jaakko Kalle Lauri Mikko Niilo Otto Pekka Quintus Risto Sakari Tauno Urho Va"ino" kaksin/kertainen_v Xeres Yrjo" Zeppelin ruotsalainen_o a"iti o"ljy Morse code: .-.- a-umlaut .- -.- a-circle - - -. o-umlaut ***** CZECH ***** Contributor: Vitezslav Vecera <OK2INW@seznam.cz> (alphabet of Ministry of Transport and Communication) Adam Boz~ena Cyril C~enek David D~a'blice Emil Frantis~ek Gustav Helena Chrudim Ivan Josef Karel Ludvi'k Marie Norbert/Neruda N~ina Oto Petr Quido Rudolf R~ehor~ Svatopluk S~imon Toma's~ Te~s~nov Urban Va'clav dvojite'-V Xaver Ypsilon Zuzana Z~ofie (Berlitz phrase book) Adam Boz~ena Cyril David D'umbier Emil Frantis~ek Gustav Helena Ivan Josef Karel Ludvi'k L'ubochn~a Marie Norbert Oto Petr Quido Rudolf R~ehor~ Svatopluk S~imon Toma's~ T'epla' Urban Va'clav dvojite'_ve' Xaver ypsilon Zuzana Z~ofie Morse code mnemonics (syllable with long vowel represents dash) Ak_a't, Bly'_ska_vi_ce, Ci'_lo_vni'_ci, Da'_la_va, Erb, Fi_li_pi'_ny, Gro'_nska' zem, Hra_cho_vi_na, Chle'b na'm da'_va', I_bis, Jas_mi'n bi'_ly', Kra'_ko_ra', Lu_pi'_ne_c~ek, Ma'_va', Na'_stup, O' na's~ pa'n, Pa_pi'r_ni'_ci, Kvi'_li' or_ka'n, Ra_ra'_s~ek, So_bo_ta, To'n, Ul_ic~_ni'k, Vy_u_c~e_ny', Wa_go'n kla'd, Xe'_no_kra_te's, Y'_gar ma'_va', Zna'_ma' z~e_na Sometimes used: Led_ni' ho_kej, Na'_rod, Se_ky_ra, U_c~e_ny', Vy_no_bra_ni', Y' se stra'_ci' ***** SLOVAK ***** Contributor: Martin Votruba <votruba+@pitt.edu> (telephone directory) Adam, Boz~ena, Cyril, C~adca, Da'vid, D~umbier, Emil, Frantis~ek, Gusta'v, Helena, CHrudim, Ivan, Karol, Ludvi'k, L~ubochn~a, Ma'ria, Norbert, N~ - Nitra, Oto, Peter, Quido, Rudolf, Sva"topluk, S~imon, Toma's~, T~ - Tepla', Urban, Va'clav, W - dvojite' ve', Xaver, Ypsilon, Zuzana, Z~ofia ***** POLISH ***** [style: A jak Adam] Contributor: Michal Jankowski <michalj@fuw.edu.pl> (Warsaw telephone directory) Adam Barbara Celina Danuta Ewa Franciszek Genowefa Henryk Irena Jadwiga Karol Leon L/ukasz Maria Natalia Olga Pawel/ Roman Stanisl/aw Tadeusz Urszula Wl/adysl/aw Xantypa Ygrek Zygmunt [Collins dictionary: Cecylia/Celina Dorota Quebec S'wiatowid Violetta Wacl/aw Ypsylon] Contributor: Gyo:ngyo:si Jo'zsef <gyongyosi@bpsof.enet.dec.com> (used in amateur radio) Adam, Bozena, Celina, Dawid, Ewa, Franek, Grazyna, Henryk, Irena, Janusz, Kilo, Ludwik, Maria, Natalia, Olga, Pawel/, Quido, Roman, Stefan, Tomasz, Urban, Violeta, Wanda, Xawer, Y-grek, Zygmunt (Berlitz phrase book) Adam Barbara Celina Dorota Ewa Franciszek Grazyna Henryk Iwona Jan Karol Leon L/ukasz Maria Natalia Olga Piotr Quiz Roman Stanisl/aw Tadeusz Urszula Violeta Wacl/aw Xymena Ypsylon Zenon Morse code mnemonics (syllable with 'o' means dash) a-zot /.-.-/ bo-ta-ni-ka co-raz-moc-niej /-.-../ do-li-na el/k /..-../ fi-lan-tro-pia go-spo-da ha-la-bar-da /----/ i-gl/a jed-no-kon-no ko-la-no le-o-ni-das /.-..-/ mo-tor no-ga /--.--/ o-pocz-no /---./ pe-lo-po-nez /--.-/ re-tor-ta sa-ha-ra /...-.../ tom ur-sy-no'w /...-/ wi-no-rosl /-..-/ /-.--/ zl/o-to-li-te /--..-/--..-./ Contributor: "Tomasz Major" <toma@collabworx.com> Morse code mnemonics (syllable with 'o' means dash) Azot Botanika Co-mi-zrobisz Dolina Elk Filantropia Gospoda Halabarda Igla Jednokonno Kolano Leonidas Motor Noga Opoczno Peloponez /--.-/ Retorta Sahara Ton Urbino /...-/ Winorosl Xoxymilko York-hull-oxford Zlotolity ***** HUNGARIAN ***** (telephone directory) Andra's Be'la Cecil Do'ra Eleme'r Ferenc Gizella Hajnalka Istva'n Ja'nos Katalin Luca Ma'tya's Na'ndor Olga Piroska Queen Ro'bert Sarolta Ti'mea Ubul Vilmos Walter Xe'nia Ypsilon Zolta'n Contributor: Gyo:ngyo:si Jo'zsef <gyongyosi@bpsof.enet.dec.com> (used in amateur radio) Antal, Be'la, Cecil (Ce'za'r), De'nes, Eleme'r, Ferenc, Ge'za, Hele'n, Ibolya (Imre), Ja'nos, Ka'roly, La'szlo', Ma'ria, Nelli, Olga, Pe'ter, Kvelle, Ro'bert, Sa'ndor, Tama's, Ubul, Viktor (Vilmos), dupla-ve' (dupla-Vilmos, "viszki"), "x-es", "ipszilon" (jenki), Zolta'n (Berlitz phrase book) Alada'r A'gota Bala'zs Ceci'lia De'nes Erzse'bet E'va Ferenc Ga'bor Hele'n Ilona Jo'zsef Ka'roly La'szlo' Mo'nika Na'ndor Olga O:do:n Pe'ter Ku' Ro'bert Sa'ndor Tivadar Ubul U:ro:m Vilma duplave' iksz ipszilon Zora'n Contributor: Daniel Kiss <niel@fw.hu> Alada'r A'da'm Be'la Cecil Cs De'nes Dz Dzs Eleme'r E'va Ferenc Ge'za Gy Hugo' Ilona I' Ja'nos Ka'roly La'szlo' Ly Ma'rton No'ra Ny Olga O' O: O" Pe'ter Q Ro'bert Sa'ndor Sz Tama's Ty Ubul U' U: U" Viktor W X Y Zolta'n Zs ***** CROATIAN ***** Contributor: Ivan.Drzanic@gbcon.g-box.fido.hr (Ivan Drzanic) Adria, Biokovo, Cavtat, Dubrovnik, Europa, Frankopan, Gospic', Hrvatska, Istra, Jadran, Karlovac, Lika, Mostar, Novska, Osijek, Pula, Q, Rijeka, Split, Trogir, Uc~ka, Vukovar, W, X, Y, Zagreb ***** SERBO-CROAT ***** (Berlitz phrase book) Avala Beograd Cetinje C~ac~ak C'uprija Dubrovnik Djakovo Dz~amija Evropa Foc~a Gorica Hercegovina Istra Jadran Kosovo Lika Ljubljana Mostar Nis~ Njegos~ Osijek Pirot Rijeka Skopje S~ibenik Titograd Uros~evac Valjevo Zagreb Z~irovnica Kvadrat Duplo_V Ipsilon Iks ***** SLOVENIAN ***** Contributor: Primoz Peterlin <peterlin@biofiz.mf.uni-lj.si> Ankaran Bled Celje C~rnomelj Drava Evropa Fala Gorica Hrastnik Izola Jadran Kamnik Ljubljana Maribor Nanos Ormoz~ Piran Ku Ravne Soc~a S~marje Triglav Unec Velenje Dvojni-V Iks Ipsilon Zalog Z~alec ***** GREEK ***** (AA phrase book) Ale'xandros Vasi'lios Geo'rgios Deme'trios Ele'ne Zoe' Erakle's Theo'doros Ioa'nnes Konstanti'nos Leoni'das Mene'laos Niko'laos Xenofo'n Odusse'as Perikle's Ro'dos Sote'rios Timole'on Upsela'ntes Fo'tios Chre'stos Psa'ltes Ome'ga ***** ROMANIAN ***** (Berlitz phrase book) Ana Barbu Constantin Dumitru Elena Florea Gheorghe Haralambie Ion Jiu kilogram Laza~r Maria Nicolae Olga Petre qu Radu Sandoo Tudor T,ara~ Udrea Vasile dublu_V Xenia I_grec zaha~r ***** TURKISH ***** Contributor: Gorkem Cetin <e077245@narwhal.cc.metu.edu.tr> ankara bursa ceyhan CankIrI denizli edirne fatsa giresun hopa Isparta izmir jale kayseri lUleburgaz manisa nazilli ordu OdemiS pazar rize samsun SarkOy trabzon urfa Unye van yalova zonguldak (Berlitz phrase book) adana balIkesir ceyhan Corum diyarbakIr edirne fatsa giresun hatay Irmak istanbul jandarma kastamonu lUleburgaz manisa nazilli ordu OdemiS pazar quebek rize samsun trabzon urla Unye van dubel_v xavier yozgat zonguldak Contributor: Fuat C. Baran <fuat@columbia.edu> (1982 diary) "standard" for telephone ankara bursa ceyhan Canakkale denizli edirne fatih giresun hakkAri Ilgaz izmir japonya kayseri lUleburgaz malatya nevSehir ordu OdemiS polatlI rize sivas Sile trabzon uSak Unye van yozgat zonguldak (AA phrase book) adana bursa cide Canakkale denizli edirne fethiye giresun hatay Isparta izmir lUleburgaz malatya nevSehir ordu Oren pamukkale rize sinop Sirvan tokat urfa UskUp van yozgat zonguldak Contributor: kadifeli@cmpe.boun.edu.tr adana bursa ceyhan Canakkale denizli edirne fatih giresun yumuSak_ge hatay Isparta izmir jale kayseri lUleburgaz malatya nevSehir ordu OdemiS polatlI rize samsun Sile trabzon urfa Unye van yozgat zonguldak ***** HEBREW ***** (Berlitz phrase book) (phonetics for Roman alphabet) Affula Binyamina Carmel Dalia Eretz France Gedera Haifa Israel Jaffa Karkur Lod Moledet Naan Ogen Pardes Queen Rishon Sefer Tveria Urim Vered Wingate Express Yavniel Zikhron [used by telephone operators in Israel] Later edition: afula binyamina karmel dalya eretz frans gedera h.eyfa yisrael jafa karkur lod moledet naan ogen pardes kvin rishon sefer tverya urim vered vingeyt ekspres yavniel zikhron Contributor: Alon Tal <mtl@netvision.net.il> Aleph Boaz Gimel David Hagar Vav Ze'ev Hava Tiach Yona Carmel Lea Moshe Nesher Samekh A'in Pesel Tsipor Korakh Ruth Shamir Telem Contributor: kiezer@aquanet.co.il Osnat Bela Gila Dalia Hagar Vered Ziva Hava Tova Yona Carmel Leytal Miri Nurit Smadar Einat Fani Tzila Korina Ruth Sarah Tami ***** RUSSIAN ***** Contributor: tom@systemtechnik.tu-ilmenau.de (Thomas Planke) Aleksej Boris Vasilij Grigorij Dmitrij Elena Zhenja Zoya Ivan Ivan_Kratkij Kilowatt Leonid Maria Nikolai Olga Pavel Roman Sergej Tatjana Uljana Fjodor Hariton Zaplja Chelovek Shura Schuka Tviordiy_Znak Igrek Miagkiy_Znak Emilija Yuri Jakow Contributor: "Oleg.A.Chernozyomov" <victoria@rada1.saratov.su> (used in amateur radio) Anna Boris Vasiliy Galina Dmitriy Yelena Yozh Zhuk Zinaida Ivan Ivan_Kratkiy Konstantin Leonid Maria Nikolay Olga Pavel Roman Sergey Tamara Ul'yana Fyodor Hariton Tsentr Chelovek Shura Shchyuka Tvyordy_Znak Yery Myagkiy_Znak Ekho Yuliana Yakov Variants: Anton Grigoriy Yolka Zhenya Zoya Irina/Igor Yot Kilowatt Lyubov Mikhail Nadezhda/Nina Oleg Polina Radio Semyon Tatyana Tsaplya Znak/Iks Igrek Znak/Iks Used informally: Borya Vasya Grisha Galya Dima Zina Kostya Kolya Lyonya Lyuba Misha Masha Nadya Pasha Roma Sasha Tanya Fedya Yulya Yasha Morse code is as follows: A B W G D E E V Z I J K L M N O P R S T U F H C /- - -./- - - -/ Q X Y X /..-../..- -/.-.- and the same mapping provides a system of phonetics for Roman letters (used in parallel with Alpha Bravo). [The mapping is similar to KOI-7 but not identical] (AA phrase book) Anna Boris Viktor Grigoriy Dmitriy Elena Yolka Zhenya Zoya Irina Yod Konstantin Liza Mariya Natasha Ol'ga Pyotr Ruslan Semyon Tat'yana Ukraina Fyodor Khar'kov Tsaritsa Chekhov Shura Shchuka Erik Yuriy Yana ***** UKRAINIAN ***** Contributor: Valery Kharchenko RA6YR (used in amateur radio) Andriy Bogdan Vasil'(W) Grigory Dmitro Yenei(E) Zhuk(V) Zenoviy(Z) Igrek(Y) Ivan(I) Izhak(I) Yosip(J) Kilovat Levko Mariya Natalka Olga Pavlo Roman Stepan Taras Ukraina Fedir Khristina(H) Tsentr(C) Cholovik Shura Shchuka(Q) Znak(X) Yuri Yakiv [also used for Roman alphabet, as the above tries to indicate] Contributor: "Vsevolod Onyshkevych" <vsevolod@ezsize.com> Morse code mnemonics (syllable with 'o' means dash) Azot/Atom Bondarivna Vitrohon Harakiri Gogozy Dolyna Erg Yednist_to_Syla Zhabye_Selo Zolotukha (Y -.--) Ivan/Iskra Idzh,_Khto_Holoden Jdy_Kholodkom Kolino Lisoruby Moroz Noha Okolot Prymorozky Rybon'ka Sahara Ton Upadok Filyantropy Kholodochok Tsotsya_Dortsya Chornohora Sholovylo Shcho_Roku_Moroz Yuriy_Korol' (-..-) Yaroshenko ***** SWAHILI ***** (Berlitz phrase book) Aali Bibi Cyprus Daniel Elfu Fiwi Gombe Henry Ida Jinja Kenya Leso Mtu Nairobi Olga Paul Quebec Robert Sana Tanga Unga Victor William Xavier Yatima Zanzibar Later edition: Ali Banda Chakechake Dodoma Entebe Fumba Gogo Homa Imba Jambo Kenya Lala Mama Nakuru Ona Punda Kyela Rangi Simu Tatu Uganda Vitu Wali Eksrei Yai Zanzibar ***** KWANYAMA ***** [South-western Bantu; northern Namibia] Contributor: jouni@ling.gu.se (Jouni F Maho) (school book) Anna Beata Cesilia David Eva Feni Gerson Hosea Immanuel Johanna Kayosho Lamek Maria Nande Otto Pauli Quini Rauha Simon Tuuli Ulania Vilho Wilkka Xokulu Yoleni Zola ***** NDONGA ***** [South-western Bantu; northern Namibia] Contributor: jouni@ling.gu.se (Jouni F Maho) (school book) Anna Beata Cesilia David Eva Feni Gerson Hosea Immanuel Johanna Kayoso Lamek Maria Nande Otto Pauli Quini Rauha Simon Tuuliki Ulania Vilho Wilika Xerxes Yoleni Zola ***** AFRIKAANS ***** Contributor: Gwillim Law <gwil@mindspring.com> (Johannesburg telephone directory 1965) Andries Boetie Christo Dawid Eva Fanie Gert Hendrik Isak Jan Karel Lena Marie Nellie Oom Pieter Queenie Roos Sannie Tom Unie Venter Willem X-straal Yster Zoeloe ***** CHINESE ***** The Chinese armed forces use the following in connection with Romanised Mandarin: Aiya Boli Ciqi Desheng Egu Fuzhuang Geming Heping I: Yifu J.. Keren Leguan Mofan Nali Ouyang Polang Q.. Riguang Sixiang Tebie U: Weida V: Wudao W: Wuzhuang X.. Yisheng Zidian ***** ESPERANTO ***** Contributors: Edmund.Grimley-Evans@cl.cam.ac.uk David Lane <DLane@ContactPt.com> (Yearbook of Universala Esperanto-Asocio 1995) Asfalto Barbaro Centimetro \^Cefo Doktoro Elemento Fabriko Gumo \^Girafo Hotelo \^Haoso Insekto Jubileo \^Jurnalo Kilogramo Legendo Ma\^sino Naturo Oktobro Papero Rekordo Salato \^Silingo Triumfo Universo Universo-hoko Vulkano Zinko [An earlier version had Omnibuso instead of Oktobro] Non-Esperanto letters: q = kuo w = \^germana vo x = ikso y = ipsilono Morse code (approved by UAE and FCC in 1963): ^c -.-.. ^g - -.-. ^h -.- -. ^j .- - -. ^s ...-. ~u ..- - ***** END ***** Brian Kelk Cambridge U.K. www.bckelk.uklinux.net